| 01-02-2015 | 11:30 uur |
(NATTE/ZOUTE) DROOM OF NACHTMERRIE – 16
Wat betekent zoet of zout voor de scheepvaart?
De landsregering heeft de “ontwerp-rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer” vastgesteld en daarmee het voornemen kenbaar gemaakt een beperkt getij terug te brengen in het Volkerak-Zoommeer en deze wateren op termijn te verzilten.
Zoet of zout water betekenen nog al wat voor de corrosiegevoeligheid van de scheepshuid en het daarvoor benodigde onderhoud, verf en kathodische beschermingssystemen. Wat in de MKBA (maatschappelijke kosten/baten analyse) opvalt is dat er geen berekeningen zijn opgenomen voor de meerkosten voor de scheepvaart bij een zout Volkerak-Zoommeer. De Rijn-Schelde verbinding is nu in principe een geheel zoetwatersysteem. Als dat gedeeltelijk zout wordt, vergt dat een volstrekt andere benadering van de corrosieproblematiek voor bijvoorbeeld de schepen die door afwisselend zoet en zout water varen. Dit gaat fors meer geld aan onderhoud van de schepen vergen. Het overgrote deel van de vrachtschepen, die gebruik maken van het Volkerak-Zoommeer, zijn ontworpen en worden onderhouden voor zoet water.
Bepalend voor bijvoorbeeld het kathodische beschermingssysteem is de omgeving waarin het schip zich gaat bevinden. Als schepen afwisselend varen in zoet en zout water dient met dit feit rekening gehouden te worden bij de keuze van het kathodische beschermingssysteem. De keuze van de te gebruiken anodes is afhankelijk van de zoutgehalten van de te bevaren wateren. Bijvoorbeeld zinkanoden voor varen in zout water, aluminiumanoden voor varen in brak water, zoals het IJsselmeer en de riviermondingen, en magnesiumanoden voor varen in zoete binnenwateren.
Ook verfsystemen en onderhoudssystemen, maar feitelijk het hele ontwerp van een schip dienen afgestemd te zijn op de zoutgehalten van de te bevaren wateren. Je zal maar een schip hebben gekocht, afgestemd op zoete binnenwateren en je kan plotseling, omdat het Volkerak-Zoommeer is verzilt, geen vrachten voor de kortste route tussen Rotterdam -Antwerpen meer aannemen. Dat zijn nog eens maatschappelijke kosten! In dit geval afgewenteld op een vaak kleine ondernemer.
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