| 30-11-2014 | 11.00 uur |
(NATTE/ZOUTE) DROOM OF NACHTMERRIE – 7
Wat is de oorzaak van de sluipende verzilting?
De landsregering heeft de “ontwerp-rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer” vastgesteld en daarmee het voornemen kenbaar gemaakt een beperkt getij terug te brengen in het Volkerak-Zoommeer en deze wateren op termijn te verzilten.
Op een hele boel plaatsen is in de beschikbare stukken rond de ontwerp-rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer te lezen dat het Volkerak-Zoommeer aan het verzilten is. In de MKBA (maatschappelijke kosten/baten analyse) is op pagina 32 te lezen: “Naast de blauwalgproblematiek heeft het Volkerak-Zoommeer last van een stijgend chloridegehalte, doordat chloride uit de bodem oplost en het water verzilt,” en dat de ontzilting van de bodem traag verloopt (pagina 82 MKBA). Het is logisch dat het vele jaren duurt voordat bodem en oevers ontzilt zijn. Maar anderzijds zijn dit in strikte zin eindige processen die in de loop der tijd tot een dalende afgifte van zouten uit de bodem zouden moeten leiden. Het zelfde geldt voor de zoute kwel in de polders en kreken rond Steenbergen, waarvan het verzilte water via de Mark/Dintel en Vliet systemen afwateren op het Volkerak- Zoommeer. In de ontwerp-rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer en de bijbehorende stukken als de MKBA en het Milieueffectrapport zijn andere mogelijke oorzaken niet vermeld. Men kan er wel in vinden dat bij het zout worden van het Volkerak-Zoommeer er inverdieneffecten zijn, zoals uitgespaard onderhoud aan de zoet-zoutscheiding van de Krammersluizen (pagina 66 van de ontwerp-rijksstructuurvisie).
Pas bij het lezen van opvraagbare stukken als de ‘Joint Fact Finding zoet water’ kom je dichter bij de vermoedelijk werkelijk oorzaken van de sluipende verzilting (Pagina 20: “Het Volkerak-Zoommeer is de laatste jaren aanmerkelijk zouter geworden door de toegenomen zoutlekkage van de Krammersluizen. Het meerjarig zomergemiddelde is 415 mgCl/l. Incidenteel wordt in de zomer de normconcentratie van 450 mgCl/l overschreden. In de zomer van 2011 was de overschrijding langdurig (eind april-half juli, met een maximum van 615 mgcl/l) doordat ten gevolge van de langdurige lage rivierafvoer de doorspoeling moest worden beperkt.). Je krijgt pas echt het gevoel krijgt te weten bij het lezen van een stuk dat niets met de ontwerp-rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer te maken heeft: “Het Advies Deltaplan Zoetwater” In dat stuk is op pagina 39 te lezen: “Voordat een zout Volkerak-Zoommeer is gerealiseerd, is waarschijnlijk ook nog een zoet-zoutscheiding in de Krammersluizen nodig. Kiest het kabinet voor een blijvend zoet Volkerak-Zoommeer, dan is herstel van de zoet-zoutscheiding in de Krammersluizen noodzakelijk om aan de huidige beheersafspraken en het waterakkoord te kunnen voldoen.” In dit citaat is het woordje herstel door mij cursief aangegeven. De huidige zoet-zout scheiding functioneert klaarblijkelijk niet optimaal of is kapot want anders zou die niet hersteld hoeven te worden.
Toen ik op de informatiebijeenkomst in het Markiezenhof inzake de komende verziltingsplannen de opmerking plaatste dat de huidige sluipende verzilting kwam door de onderhoudsachterstand aan de Krammersluizen vroeg een medewerkster van Rijkswaterstaat nog aan mij hoe ik daar bij kwam. Toen had ik nog niet alle stukken gelezen. Op de bijeenkomst van de VVD op 24 november in Steenbergen werd het slecht functioneren van de zoet/zout scheiding van de Krammersluizen door een woordvoerder van Rijkswaterstaat in het openbaar eindelijk bevestigd. “De sluisdeuren rammelen.”
Maar nu is het zeker: er wordt al jaren bezuinigd op het onderhoud en het tegengaan van de zoutlekkages via sluizen zoals de Krammersluizen en mogelijk ook de Bergse Diepsluis. Mij bekruipt het gevoel dat, kijkend naar de onzinnigheid van het voorstel om het Volkerak-Zoommeer te verzilten tegen 2028, we enkel en alleen praten en praten om Rijkswaterstaat in staat te stellen onderhoud en uitgaven uit te stellen en gemaakte afspraken aan hun laars te lappen.
Louis van der Kallen
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