| 25-08-2018 | 09.30 uur |
OVER WATER – 151: WATERKENNIS KAN OOK VAN OVER DE GRENS KOMEN
Veel Nederlandse politici en bestuurders denken dat, als het over waterbeheer gaat, wij het goed voor elkaar hebben. Maar is dat ook zo? Of doen we graag aan borstklopperij, terwijl wij nog heel wat op kunnen steken van waterkennis en ontwikkelingen in het buitenland.
Dichtbij voor mij zijn de Zuidelijke Nederlanden, ook wel België genoemd. Handig ook, de taal is daarbij geen handicap. Het gewest Vlaanderen kent een Departement Omgeving met een website die voor een waterschapbestuurder of een gemeentebestuurder zeer leerzame informatie bevat. En voor een Nederlandse provinciale bestuurder of Tweede Kamerlid ook leerzame ideeën voor nieuwe wetgeving. Al is het maar om te beseffen dat we ook van die Zuidelijke Nederlanders misschien iets kunnen leren.
Het lezen zeker waard is een verordening ‘Hemelwater’ een “Gewestelijke stedenbouwkundige verordening voor hemelwaterputten, INFILTRATIE- EN BUFFERVOORZIENINGEN”. Het waarom van deze verordening wordt als volgt omschreven: “Wateroverlast wordt vaak veroorzaakt doordat de riolering de plotse en massale toevloed van regenwater na een felle regenbui niet kan verwerken. Deze stedenbouwkundige verordening legt elke verbouwer een aantal maatregelen op om te voorkomen dat regenwater onmiddellijk afgevoerd wordt. Vanaf 29 september 2016 moet elk op te richten gebouw, constructie of aan te leggen verharding groter van 40 m² aan de normen van de verordening voldoen, ook als deze vrijgesteld is van stedenbouwkundige vergunningsplicht. De plaatsing van een infiltratievoorziening is dan verplicht als het goed (perceel) groter is dan 250 m².
Het algemeen uitgangsprincipe hierbij is dat regenwater in eerste instantie zoveel mogelijk gebruikt wordt. In tweede instantie moet het resterende gedeelte van het hemelwater worden geïnfiltreerd of gebufferd, zodat in laatste instantie slechts een beperkte hoeveelheid water met een vertraging wordt afgevoerd. De plaatsing van de overloop van de hemelwaterput en de infiltratievoorziening dient aan dit principe te beantwoorden. Let op: Deze verordening is geldig in het hele Vlaamse gewest. Provincies en gemeenten kunnen strengere regels afvaardigen voor hun grondgebied. Contacteer dus uw gemeente en provincie”.
De verordening ‘Hemelwater’ bevat een aantal artikelen die ook in de Nederlandse situatie heel behulpzaam kunnen zijn in de vormgeving van het waterbeheer en de aanpak van wateroverlast, droogte en hittestress.
Als voorbeeld artikel 9:
- 1. Bij nieuwbouw of herbouw van eengezinswoningen is de plaatsing van een of meer hemelwaterputten met een totale minimale inhoud van 5 000 liter verplicht. Bij nieuwbouw of herbouw van gebouwen groter dan 100 vierkante meter, andere dan eengezinswoningen, is de plaatsing van een of meer hemelwaterputten verplicht. Het volume van de hemelwaterput bedraagt minimaal 50 liter per vierkante meter horizontale dakoppervlakte, afgerond naar het hogere duizendtal, met een maximale inhoud van 10 000 liter, tenzij gemotiveerd aangetoond kan worden dat een groter nuttig hergebruik mogelijk is of zal zijn.
- 2. De hemelwaterputten worden uitgerust met een operationele pompinstallatie en een of meerdere aftappunten die het gebruik van het opgevangen hemelwater mogelijk maken, tenzij de aftappunten gravitair gevoed kunnen worden.
De noodoverloop van de hemelwaterput wordt aangesloten op een infiltratievoorziening of een buffervoorziening als die aanwezig of verplicht is overeenkomstig dit besluit.
Gebouwen die volledig voorzien zijn van een groendak hoeven geen hemelwaterput te plaatsen. Delen van gebouwen die voorzien zijn van een groendak, hoeven niet aangesloten te worden op de hemelwaterput en hoeven niet in rekening gebracht te worden bij de berekening van de minimale inhoud van de regenwaterput.
Een dergelijk artikel kan ook in de Nederlandse situatie een hoop waterbeheersingsproblemen voorkomen en zelfs oplossen. Met deze verordening en vooral met dit artikel geven onze zuiderburen een richting aan, die ook in Nederland in de regelgeving gevolgd zou dienen te worden!
Maar de website van het departement omgeving geeft ook simpele handvatten over wanneer de verordening van toepassing is.
Bijvoorbeeld bij stedenbouwkundige handelingen:
Op basis van deze vraag wordt bepaald of de hemelwaterverordening van toepassing is. U kunt een of meer hokjes aankruisen.
O – de bouw, herbouw of uitbreiding van overdekte constructies waarbij de nieuwe oppervlakte groter is dan 40 m². Vul addendum B25 in en voeg het als bijlage B25 bij dit formulier.
O – de aanleg, heraanleg of uitbreiding van verhardingen waarbij de nieuwe oppervlakte groter is dan 40 m². Vul addendum B25 in en voeg het als bijlage B25 bij dit formulier.
O – de aanleg van een afwatering voor de constructies of de verhardingen, vermeld bij de twee bovenstaande aankruishokjes, waarvan het hemelwater voorheen op natuurlijke wijze in de bodem infiltreerde. Vul addendum B25 in en voeg het als bijlage B25 bij dit formulier.
O – geen van de bovenstaande mogelijkheden
Of bij het verkavelen van gronden:
Op basis van deze vraag wordt bepaald of de hemelwaterverordening van toepassing is. U kunt een of meer hokjes aankruisen.
O – de aanleg, heraanleg of uitbreiding van verhardingen waarbij de nieuwe oppervlakte groter is dan 40 m². Vul addendum B25 in en voeg het als bijlage B25 bij dit formulier.
O – de aanleg van een afwatering voor de verhardingen, vermeld in het bovenstaande hokje, waarvan het hemelwater voorheen op natuurlijke wijze in de bodem infiltreerde. Vul addendum B25 in en voeg het als bijlage B25 bij dit formulier.
O – geen van de bovenstaande mogelijkheden
Voor mij is de verordening ‘Hemelwater’ van het Gewest Vlaanderen een in Nederland na te volgen stukje wetgeving. Dit soort wetgeving kan een bijdrage leveren aan de steeds noodzakelijker wordende toekomstige vormgeving van het waterbeheer en de aanpak van wateroverlast, droogte en hittestress.
Nodig is een overheid die bereid is wetgeving te ontwikkelen en te implementeren en bereid is de bevolking uit te leggen dat oplossingen van hedendaagse en toekomstige problemen inspanningen en geld kosten. Kortom: ophouden met oplossingen voor ons uitschuiven en verantwoordelijkheid nu nemen. Ook als dit geld kost en het opleggen van verplichtingen noodzakelijk is.
Louis van der Kallen
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