| 17-01-2015 | 16:00 uur |
(NATTE/ZOUTE) DROOM OF NACHTMERRIE – 14
Een buitenlandse blik
De landsregering heeft de “ontwerp-rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer” vastgesteld en daarmee het voornemen kenbaar gemaakt een beperkt getij terug te brengen in het Volkerak-Zoommeer en deze wateren op termijn te verzilten.
Nederlanders denken dat, als het over water gaat, we de ’top’ van de wereld zijn en misschien zijn we dat ook wel. Maar de vraag is of dat ook zo is als het over verzilting gaat. Verzilting van landbouwgronden is al decennia een mondiaal probleem. In dat kader is het misschien toch goed om te kijken wat buitenlandse experts geschreven hebben over verzilting in Nederland. Dat kan ook interessant zijn als je beseft dat Nederland als deltagebied altijd heeft beschikt over grote voorraden en aanvoer van zoet water wat zou kunnen leiden tot onderschatting van de problematiek van verzilting of het denken over zoet watertekorten.
In het kader van de eventuele verzilting van het Volkerak-Zoommeer is in april 2012 verschenen het Milieueffectrapport waterkwaliteit Volkerak-Zoommeer
Op pagina 145 onder het kopje ‘Expert review oktober 2006′ wijzen buitenlandse deskundigen op de mogelijke risico’s en bijwerkingen van verzilting van het Volkerak-Zoommeer. Hierbij enkele memorabele citaten:
- “Een zout Volkerak-Zoommeer zou een habitat kunnen gaan vormen voor schadelijke mariene algensoorten.”
- “Langdurige perioden van sterke gelaagdheid en een gering zoutgehalte in de bovenste waterlaag zouden kunnen leiden tot een hoge concentratie van micro-algen, die buiten het bereik blijven van algenetende bodemdieren, zoals mosselen.”
Eveneens hebben de experts gemeld dat de spontane herintroductie van mosselen etc. te positief is geschat.”
In maart 2014 is verschenen de OECD studie “Water Governance in the Netherlands, Fit for the future.”. Dat is een studie van de OECD uitgevoerd door een keur van internationale deskundigen naar het totale waterbeheer in Nederland. Ook daaruit enkele citaten: pagina 57
- “In the past, water supplies have been abundant and the abstraction regimes used in the Netherlands have focused on ensuring flood safety an protecting water quality. However, there is a growing risk of shortage due to a lack of water and increasing salinity as sea water intrudes into the delta and saline groundwater rises.”
- “According to Jeuken et al. (2012), estimates of economic loss to the Dutch agricultural sector may reach EUR 700 million in a ‘dry year’ (frequency of 1/10 years) and EUR 1800 in an ‘extreme dry year’ (frequency of 1/100 years)”
En te vinden op pagina 187:
- “In fact, since 2006, the quality of the Volkerak-Zoommeer has unexpectedly improved due to the introduction of the quagga mussel that filters the water and removes algae.”
Duidelijk is dat internationale deskundigen zien dat er aan verzilting, en daarbij het verloren gaan van zoet watervoorraden, ook in Nederland risico’s verbonden zijn. Hieronder het optreden van een zoet watertekort dat grote verliezen kan betekenen voor onze landbouwproductie. Ook is helder dat er problemen kunnen ontstaan met mariene (zout water) algensoorten. Kortom verzilting van het Volkerak-Zoommeer is risicovol en kan een forse schade betekenen voor onze landbouwproductie.
Louis van der Kallen
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