| 07-03-2015 | 09:45 uur |
(NATTE/ZOUTE) DROOM OF NACHTMERRIE – 21
Toekomstige bedreiging
De landsregering heeft de “ontwerp-rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer” vastgesteld en daarmee het voornemen kenbaar gemaakt een beperkt getij terug te brengen in het Volkerak-Zoommeer en deze wateren op termijn te verzilten.
In droom of nachtmerrie 2 en droom of nachtmerrie 3 ben ik reeds ingegaan op de dreiging van mariene algensoorten zoals ze onder andere in de Oostzee voorkomen en ook in een verzilt Volkerak-Zommeer voor zouden kunnen gaan komen. Dat leidde tot een paar ver van ons bed reacties. Toch is het de afgelopen jaren ook in de regio herhaald voorgekomen dat een mariene algensoort Alexandrium Ostenfeldii in de Ouwerkerkse Kreek Oost tot bloei kwam.
In augustus 2012 werd zelfs groot alarm geslagen nadat duidelijk was geworden dat een hond was overleden. In de maag van het dier werden de algen aangetroffen. De hond had gezwommen in de Ouwerkerkse Kreek. Het zwemmen in de kreek werd verboden. Tegelijkertijd werd het opvissen van mosselen uit een deel van de Oosterschelde voor korte tijd stopgezet. Herhaald werd het water van de kreek behandeld met waterstofperoxide.
De betrokken algensoort Alexandrium Ostenfeldii komt veel voor in de noordelijke zoute en zilte wateren in Europa. Alexandrium Ostenfeldii kunnen giftige stoffen produceren (paralytische schelpdieren toxine PST). PST is een verzameling neurotoxines die werken door het blokkeren van zenuwen. Zij zijn gevaarlijk voor de mens en kunnen zelfs leiden tot ademstilstand en de dood. De 2012 uitbraak was zo ernstig dat de noodzaak ontstond tot een multidisciplinaire aanpak, daarom werd besloten op te schalen naar GRIP 3. Om lering te kunnen trekken uit deze casus is een evaluatierapport opgesteld. GRIP 3 werd afgekondigd omdat er veel partijen betrokken waren, er mogelijk een risico was voor de volksgezondheid en de waterkwaliteit in het geding was. Daarnaast speelde de mogelijke economische impact van het incident op de schelpdierensector mee.
De Ouwerkerkse Kreken zijn zilt door zoute kwel en rijk aan nutriënten en organisch materiaal. Een verzilt Volkerak-Zoommeer gaat tal van plaatsen bevatten die ideaal zijn voor de Alexandrium Ostenfeldii. Duidelijk zal zijn dat een relatief kleine kreek met een beperkt watervolume nog te behandelen is met waterstofperoxide. Dat is echter voor een groot watervolume als het Volkerak-Zoommeer bijna een illusie en in ieder geval een kostbare aangelegenheid.
Louis van der Kallen
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