Bergen op Zoom, 28 juli 2019
Aan het Dagelijks Bestuur van het Wetterskip Fryslân
Per e-mail
Betreft: Informatieverzoek, kenmerk W 19002
Geacht Dagelijks bestuur,
Ondergetekende heeft het ‘blauwalgprobleem’ de aflopen twintig jaar zien groeien van een enkel incident naar een situatie die jaarlijks haar opwachting maakt en steeds breder voorkomt in de Nederlandse wateren. De waterschappen zijn, naar mijn inzicht, nog steeds geneigd ieder blauwalg probleem als incident aan te pakken. Gezien de daaraan verbonden kosten beperken de waterschappen zich vaak tot een lokale aanpak van met name wateren met een zwemfunctie.
Het wordt tijd voor een andere aanpak. Waarbij wordt uitgegaan van blauwalgen als probleem voor alle wateren en als een probleem wat het gehele jaar aandacht verdiend. Dus ook als de blauwalg nog niet tot bloei is gekomen. Hoewel de nutriënten concentraties in de meeste van onze wateren (op basis van vijf-jaars gemiddelden) al jaren een dalende trend vertonen is te verwachten dat die nog vele jaren hoog zullen blijven en een voor de blauwalgen een ideale voedingsbodem zullen blijven. Daarbij komt dat door de klimaatveranderingen het aantal jaarlijkse zonuren lijken toe te nemen en door de zachte winters de blauwalgen steeds meer lijken te overwinteren. Gecombineerd met de vaak geringe diepten van onze wateren is het vrijwel zeker dat het probleem niet vanzelf zal verdwijnen. Sterker nog, we zullen er mee moeten leven. En dat vergt een wezenlijk andere aanpak. Van incident bestrijding naar een bestrijding c.q. beheersing van het fenomeen blauwalg. Dat zou moeten betekenen dat bij het totale waterbeheer steeds de afweging zou moeten zijn hoe kunnen we ons handelen beter afstemmen op het voorkomen van de groei en bloei van blauwalgen.
Als voorbeelden;
– Hoe zouden de profielen van watergangen eruit zien als ze mede ontworpen werden met het oog op blauwalgen?
– Hoe richten we de oevers in, en wat is dan het optimale beheer, als we rekening gaan houden met de aanwezigheid van blauwalgen en het voorkomen van blauwalgenbloei?
– Hoe beperken we de lichtinval en dieptewerking van licht/de zon en creëren we meer schaduw op het water?
– Welke waterplanten gaan we waar bevorderen?
– Hoe beperken we de opwarming van het water c.q. hoe bevorderen we de afkoeling in de winter?
– Hoe richten we watergangen zodanig in dat predatoren zoals de quaggamossel meer kansen krijgen om zich te vestigen? Op welke substraten hechten zij zich het makkelijkst?
– Hoe beperken we de concentraties van nutriënten?
– Nu zijn watergangen in laag Nederland ingericht op afvoeren en inlaten van het water afhankelijk van de behoefte aan water.
Hoe gaan we die watergangen mede inrichten op het maximaal doorspoelen als het water er in de winter is?
– Hoe beïnvloeden we met het baggerbeleid de blauwalggroei?
– Kortom hoe gaan we ons beheer het gehele jaar door en in alle facetten richten op het voorkomen en beperken van blauwalgen?
Nu lijkt er geen aandacht voor blauwalgen in de winterperiode. Terwijl de mate van het afsterven van de blauwalgen in de winter de sleutel kan zijn naar het vergroten van het aantal generaties blauwalgen die uiteindelijk tot bloei leiden. Meer waterdiepte kan daarbij behulpzaam zijn.
Veel vragen zijn er te stellen. Bovenstaande vragen zijn niet limitatief bedoeld. Maar zijn slechts voorbeelden van vragen die iedere afdeling/medewerker betrokken bij het waterbeheer of de ontwikkeling van beleid en inrichting van de watergangen zich zou moeten stellen.
Ondergetekende heeft ervaren dat de waterschappen tot op heden de blauwalgen incidentgericht aanpakken. Veel waterschappen hebben, in hun werkgebied, de afgelopen 20 jaar middels tal van proefprojecten gezocht naar manieren om op locatie te testen wat de beste aanpak is.
Voor ondergetekende bleek het ondoenlijk een totaaloverzicht te genereren van wat er allemaal op het vlak van blauwalg bestrijding/voorkoming gebeurd. Vermoedelijk zitten er vele spelden in de gemeentelijke en waterschappelijke ‘hooibergen’.
Mijn verzoek aan uw waterschap maak voor mij inzichtelijk wat binnen het werkgebied van uw waterschap en haar rechtsvoorgangers de afgelopen 20 jaar aan onderzoeken/proefprojecten is gebeurd aan de blauwalgproblematiek? Ik verzoek uw waterschap mij een dergelijk overzicht te verschaffen. Graag met linken naar de rapporten/verslagen.
Ik richt dit verzoek aan alle waterschappen in Nederland in een poging om een totaal overzicht te maken en dit overzicht, gericht op kennisverspreiding middels een website meer publiekstoegankelijk te maken.
De blauwalgen en de problemen die ze veroorzaken blijven. Het wordt echt tijd dat we ze met structurele maatregelen gaan aanpakken. Te beginnen met een bundeling van kennis. Niet alleen bij de techneuten van de waterschappen of gemeenten maar ook bij de bestuurders. Kennis die laagdrempelig bereikbaar moet worden van een breed publiek. Graag uw hulp daarbij
In afwachting van uw reactie,
hoogachtend,
L.H. van der Kallen.
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