KRW: een doos van Pandora
Bij de totstandkoming van de Europese Kaderrichtlijn Water (KRW) heeft vrijwel iedereen zitten slapen of is door de eigen arrogantie in slaap gewiegd. De Unie heeft onvoldoende in Brussel van zich laten horen en onze Nederlandse europarlementariërs hadden iets van “nu gaat er eindelijk op Europese schaal iets goed gebeuren met de waterkwaliteit”. De gedachte was dat wij Nederlanders, waterbeheerders bij uitstek, het al lang redelijk voor elkaar hadden. Het waren vooral de anderen die nu wel aan de slag zouden moeten. Men heeft zich niet gerealiseerd dat een volgepakt deltagebied als Nederland, waar de Europese vuiligheid zich eeuwen heeft opgestapeld, zich voor een andere taak gesteld ziet dan een leeg land als bijvoorbeeld Frankrijk.
Ons intensief watergebruik door industrie en landbouw, alsmede wat 16 miljoen consumenten en verkeersdeelnemers via overstorten, RWZI’s en vanuit de lucht toevoegen aan ons oppervlaktewater, maakt onze KRW-opdracht onmogelijk.
Als bestuurlijk betrokkene maak ik mij zorgen over de gevolgen. De Nederlandse waterschaptraditie is er één van “we polderen, schuiven voor ons uit en gedogen en de hogere overheden accepteren dit wel”, zo is de ervaring.
Europa is anders! Zij kent een traditie van handhaven! Nederland is reeds voor het Europese Hof van Justitie gedaagd wegens de niet tijdige omzetting van de KRW in nationale wetgeving. Collega-waterschapsbestuurders: maakt uw borst maar nat.
Mijn vrees is dat het op Europees niveau niet gaat over inspanningsverplichting (ons Nederlandse denk- en handelwijze), maar over resultaatverplichting.
Uit rijksstukken blijkt dat het kabinet rekening houdt met een verdubbeling van de zuiveringslasten tot 2015.
Het CPB heeft in een quick scan aangegeven zelfs niet in ruwe termen iets te kunnen zeggen over de kosten van de KRW. In de Brabantse Delta, één van de waterschappen waarin ik mag figureren, is zelfs aangegeven dat het investeringsvolume tot 2015 als gevolg van de KRW wel eens met 65 – 450 miljoen euro zou kunnen toenemen.
Wat mij verontrust is dat de discussie op landelijk niveau niet mede wordt gevoerd met het bedrijfsleven en dat in die discussie en stukken de economische effect analyse tot op heden ontbreekt. Als we willen komen tot een legale fasering van de maatregelen, dan is deze analyse noodzakelijk. Het wordt tijd dat bij het landelijk bestuurlijk overleg niet alleen betrokken zijn V&W, UvW, IPO en VNG, maar ook het georganiseerde bedrijfsleven.
De landbouw, industrie, investeringsklimaat en werkgelegenheid zijn bedreigd in ons land.
Waterschappen hebben in het verleden de makkelijkste weg gekozen: de aanpak van de puntbronnen. Als dit weer zou gebeuren, omdat de aanpak van de diffuse bronnen moeilijk is, zal ons industriële vestigingsklimaat ernstig ondermijnd worden. Laten de waterschappen van het begin af aan het bedrijfsleven betrekken bij het opstellen van de regionale en stroomgebiedplannen.
De waterkwaliteiten moeten en kunnen chemisch en ecologisch beter. Maar de KRW is voor Nederland onhaalbaar. Het is straks aan burgers en bedrijfsleven niet uit te leggen, dat ondanks de vele inspanningen en kosten, de doelen niet gehaald worden. En met het systeem ‘één norm fout, alles fout’ gaat dat gebeuren.
Politiek en regelgeving is beïnvloedbaar. Niet berusten maar aan de slag om het watermilieu te verbeteren en de Brusselse politiek ervan te overtuigen dat Europa wel één is, maar niet overal gelijk.
Nederland, het afvoerputje van Europa, met zijn bevolkings-, landbouw- en industriële druk op water en bodem, is niet vergelijkbaar met lege landen zoals Frankrijk of Ierland.
Brussel moet tot dit inzicht komen, zodat wij kunnen blijven bouwen aan de verbetering van onze waterkwaliteit met haalbare doelen en daarmee draagvlak houden voor een gezonde toekomst van ons water
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