| 07-10-2020 |
De afgelopen jaren schreef ik een paar keer over resistente bacteriën. In november 2015 het artikel “resistente bacteriën en onze zuiveringen“. In december 2016 over de kennis in dit kader het artikel “medicijnresten in onze zuiveringen”. En in maart 2018 het artikel “medicijnresten in water: een groeiend probleem“.
Ik lees al jaren “Riolering”, het onafhankelijke vakblad voor rioleringszorg en stedelijk watermanagement. In de augustus/septembereditie van dit jaar staan maar liefs twee artikelen over virussen in rioolwater. En wat blijkt? Als men oude monsters bekijkt, blijkt ‘het coronavirus’ al veel langer aanwezig! Aldus een epidemioloog van de universiteit van Oxford. Wetenschappers in Brazilië vonden in rioolwater al sporen in november 2019 en in rioolmonsters uit Milaan en Turijn al in december 2019. De epidemioloog uit Oxford vermoedt dat het nieuwe coronavirus ook doorgegeven wordt via riolen en gedeelde toiletten. Dus niet alleen via de lucht!
Naar resistente bacteriën wordt steeds meer onderzoek gedaan, maar tot een echte aanpak in onze rioolwaterzuiveringen komt het nog niet. Terwijl in Duitsland en Zwitserland hier wel concrete stappen toe zijn gezet.
Een tweede probleem zijn de ‘nieuwe stoffen’ in het afvalwater. Met de huidige meetmethoden kunnen nu al ruim 100.000 verschillende stoffen in het afvalwater aangetoond worden. Met oxidatie en actieve koolabsorptie kunnen voor sommige van de nu gemeten stoffen soms bemoedigende resultaten worden behaald. Maar is dat genoeg? In mijn beleving zijn het grotendeels zinloze discussies tussen bestuurders en politici die zelden kaas hebben gegeten van de aard en mogelijke effecten van die meer dan 100.000 stoffen die we nu al in afvalwater detecteren. Voor mij is het helder: uitgangspunt zou de nul norm moeten zijn. En het rare is: die is haalbaar! Bij het gebruik van membraantechnologie kan men echt alle stoffen uit het water halen tot deze nul norm. Die technologie heeft zich de afgelopen jaren enorm ontwikkeld, is mede daardoor steeds goedkoper geworden en kan nog verder ontwikkeld worden. De winst voor de ecologie en de volksgezondheid is potentieel groot, maar deels niet in geld te berekenen.
Is het toeval dat bij de nieuwe ‘coronagevallen’ de provincies waar het drinkwater geproduceerd wordt uit oppervlaktewater er in aantallen ver bovenuit springen? Als tal van virussen en bacteriën in afvalwater voorkomen en de zuiveringstechniek deze niet adequaat kan verwijderen, dan komen deze virussen en bacteriën uiteindelijk in het drinkwater bereid uit oppervlaktewater terecht. En daarmee in ons lichaam als we het water ongekookt drinken, of middels damp of nevel bijvoorbeeld bij het douchen zoals bijvoorbeeld de legionella bacterie (veteranen ziekte).
Ik acht de groeiende gezondheidsrisico’s zodanig dat er nu echt aan de slag moet worden gegaan met de aanpak van bacteriën en virussen in onze zuiveringen en in de effluentlozingen. Nu komen er steeds meer (resistente) bacteriën en virussen in het oppervlaktewater terecht. Dus ook in oppervlaktewater dat gebruikt wordt om drinkwater van te maken. De risico’s nemen toe en dat zou moeten betekenen dat met de aanpak haast moet worden gemaakt. Dan rijst de vraag: wie gaat dit betalen? Dat is dan een zaak waar de dames en heren politici desnoods later maar besluiten over moeten gaan nemen.
Louis van der Kallen.
Hoi Louis, weet jij waar het water in de gemeente Moerdijk vandaan komt.
Heel interessant om dit, wat jij schrijft, te weten.
Dat is grondwater van Brabant Water.
https://www.moerdijk.nl/web/Moerdijksite/Inwoners/Wonen-en-verhuizen/Riolering-en-wateroverlast/Wie-doet-wat.html
De gemeente zamelt het rioolwater in. Het Waterschap verwerk het in een RWZI. Wateroverlast is deels gemeentelijk deels het waterschap. De goede werking en capaciteit van de riolen is een gemeentelijke taak. Het wegpompen van hemelwater in het buitengebied (de polder uit) is een taak van het waterschap.
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